Microbiology slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pdf isolation of moraxella bovis in cattle and detection. Why some people get worse colds than others gonorrhoeae n. The organisms are short rods, coccobacilli, or as in the case of moraxella catarrhalis, diplococci in morphology, with asaccharolytic, oxidasepositive, and catalasepositive properties. Moraxella catarrhalis is classified with the genera neisseria, moraxella, kingella, and acinetobacter in the family neisseriaceae.
The scope of this study was determination of isolation rates of moraxella bovis from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis cases in cattle and antibiotic susceptibility of strains. The genus moraxella is a member of the family moraxellaceae. Mar 04, 2014 uk standards for microbiology investigations id 11. It is a commensal of the human upper respiratory tract and occasionally of the skin and urogenital tract. Previous work has shown that single nucleotide polymorphism snp diversity in this species is quite high with 81,284 snps identified in eight genomes representing two distinct genotypes isolated from ibk affected eyes genotype 1 and the. Isolation and molecular identification of moraxella ovis and moraxella spp. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Study neisseria and moraxella catarrhalis flashcards at proprofs neisseria and moraxella catarrhalis epidemiology, morphology, culture characteristics, diagnostic biochemical tests, and serology. Learn more about this bacteria, including how to treat the. Moraxella catarrhalis are gramnegative cocci that cause ear and upper and lower respiratory infections. This bacteriumfeeding nematode has potential for the biological control of slugs, especially the grey garden slug, deroceras reticulatum. Moraxella nonliquefaciens moraxella osloensis growth on macconkey 80 100 5 2 0 8 70 simmons citrate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 urea, christensens 0 0 68 0 0 0 0 nitrate reduction 0 100 92 98 0 95 24 nitrite reduction 3. Moraxella bovoculi is frequently cultured from the ocular secretions and conjunctiva of cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis ibk. Uk standards for microbiology investigations id 11.
These pathogen safety data sheets, regulated under workplace hazardous materials information system whmis legislation, are produced for personnel working in the life sciences as quick safety reference material relating to infectious microorganisms. Moraxella catarrhalis infection clinical presentation. The epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and. In addition, those with more moraxella which causes lowers respiratory tract infections also had worse symptoms and a greater viral load. Pathogenicity of moraxella osloensis, a bacterium associated. Pdf isolation of moraxella bovis in cattle and detection of. Summary moraxella catarrhalis formerly known as branhamella catarrhalis has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen of humans over the past two decades. Moraxella catarrhalis infection infectious diseases merck. Moraxella spp, sphingomonas spp microbiology bacteria. Moraxella catarrhalis infection symptoms and treatments.
Moraxella spp, sphingomonas spp free download as powerpoint presentation. Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the main causes of middle ear infections in babies and small children. The organisms are short rods, coccobacilli, or as in the case of. Moraxella lacunata definition of moraxella lacunata by. In 1970, neisseria catarrhalis was reclassified as a member of the genus branhamella. Moraxella catarrhalis is the most commonly isolated species and is responsible for cases of acute otitis media in children older than 3 months old, chronic and serious otitis media fever, acute ear pain, irritability, and can escalate to sepsis and cns infection, acute and chronic sinusitis occasional fever, nasal or postnasal discharge. Because of its rarity, the clinical significance and appropriate therapy for patients with infections due to m. During the 1960s and early 1970s moraxella catarrhalis was classified as neisseria catarrhalisa nonpathogenic inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract.
Moraxella catarrhalis is a gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus that was first described in 1896. Moraxella catarrhalis is the species most commonly associated with human infections, primarily of the respiratory tract. Neonatal moraxella osloensis ophthalmia to the editor. Duringacomparison ofthese strains with eight other moraxella species, it was found that the ability to deaminatephenylalanine is not limited to m. Moraxella catarrhalis gonorrhea std information from cdc. Moraxella simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Information and translations of moraxella in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions. In the total isolates the highest percentages of organism was staphylococcocus spp, alcaligene spp, klebshiella spp 24. It is a commensal of the human upper respiratory tract and occasionally of the skin and. Moraxella bovis is the only organism for which kochs postulates have been fulfilled with respect to ibk. Here we report two cases of lateonset posttrabeculectomy endophthalmitis caused by moraxella nonliquefaciens. It is a leading cause of otitis media in children, acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd, and acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Assessment of the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora of rhesus.
Characterization of a moraxella species that causes. A positive oxidase reaction, sensitivity to penicillin, and preference for a humid atmosphere at 37 may be useful criteria in the classification of moraxella. Cells usually occur in pairs or short chains with one plane of division. This bacteriumfeeding nematode has potential for the. The genera moraxella including the former branhamella, acinetobacter and psychrobacter currently belong to the family moraxellaceae. However, comparison of 16s rdna sequences of moraxella spp. Moraxella as a cause of necrotizing fasciitis of the. It is a leading cause of otitis media in children, acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive.
Moraxella organisms are small, gramnegative bacteria that grow well on blood or chocolate agar. However, because the cellular morphology of this species is more similar to that of neisseria spp. It causes the infection of the host cell by sticking to the host cell using trimeric autotransporter adhesins. Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. Moraxella osloensis is an aerobic, gramnegative coccobacillus infrequently isolated from clinical specimens. Members of the genus moraxella are gramnegative, aerobic, asaccharolytic bacteria that can be pleomorphic, resistant to gramstain decolorization, and occur. The nasopharyngeal bacterial flora of healthy rhesus macaques was surveyed for the presence of neisseria and haemophilus species, as well as moraxella catarrhalis. Moraxella species, a gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus, is a known commensal in the nasopharynx, and a common causative organism of otitis media, sinusitis, and laryngitis. Moraxella catarrhalis is a gram negative, diplococcus, aerobic infectious pathogen that is a common cause of upper respiratory, middle ear, and eye infections. Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of. Jan 01, 2000 moraxella osloensis is an aerobic, gramnegative coccobacillus infrequently isolated from clinical specimens. Isolation and molecular identification of moraxella ovis and. Moraxella catarrhalis can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is also the cause of upper respiratory tract infections, and sometimes pneumonia.
It is the 2nd most common bacterial cause of copd exacerbations after nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. Dec 23, 2015 this is a gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus. The organism has also been known as micrococcus catarrhalis, neisseria catarrhalis, and branhamella catarrhalis. Published 4 march 2014 last updated 5 february 2015 see. Neisseria and moraxella catarrhalis flashcards by proprofs. Moraxella subgenus moraxella rods are often very short and plump, approaching a coccus shape. These small diplococci are morphologically difficult to distinguish from neisseria. Moraxella catarrhalis and branhamella catarrhalis are homotypic synonyms and it has.
It is suggested that moraxella may be closely related to neisseria, and that the description of the genus and its taxonomic position should be revised in accordance with lwoffs proposals. The organism has also been known as micrococcus catarrhalis, neisseria. Because of its rarity, the clinical significance and appropriate therapy for patients. Moraxella osloensis is an aerobic, gramnegative, lactosenonfermenting coccobacillus. Moraxella article about moraxella by the free dictionary.
Jan 08, 2018 moraxella catarrhalis is a type of bacteria that can cause infections in children as well as adults who have weakened immune systems. The genus moraxella is divided into the subgenus moraxella, which includes all the rodshaped species, and the subgenus branhamella, which contains the cocci holt et al. Whole genome sequencing of moraxella bovoculi reveals high. Moraxella catarrhalis infection infectious diseases. Moraxella is common in the winter months and puts babies and children at increased risk for frequent ear infections. Isolation and molecular identification of moraxella ovis. Out of a free ranging nomadic herd, six cases of ikc in sheep were randomly sampled.
Jan 27, 2011 the genus moraxella is divided into the subgenus moraxella, which includes all the rodshaped species, and the subgenus branhamella, which contains the cocci holt et al. Moraxella definition of moraxella by medical dictionary. Moraxella catarrhalis is a gramnegative diplococcus that commonly colonizes the upper respiratory tract. Posttrabeculectomy endophthalmitis caused by moraxella. Bacterial microbiome of the nose of healthy dogs and dogs. It is a commensal of the human upper respiratory tract and occasionally of the skin and urogenital tract 1. It is named after the swiss ophthalmologist victor morax. Moraxella osloensis, a gramnegative bacterium, is associated with phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, a nematode parasite of slugs. Sep 20, 2018 moraxella catarrhalis is a gramnegative, aerobic, oxidasepositive diplococcus that was first described in 1896. Moraxella catarrhalis is an exclusively human commensal and mucosal pathogen. Neonatal moraxella osloensis ophthalmia volume 11, number. Moraxella catarrhalis infectious disease and antimicrobial. Moraxella catarrhalis, a human respiratory tract pathogen. A heightened appreciation for branhamella catarrhalis as a true pathogen occurred during the 1970s.
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